The atom is the smallest foundation unit or particle of an element that can exist. Atoms are made up of 3 types of particles electrons, protons and neutrons. These particles have different properties. Electrons are tiny and light particles that have a negative electrical charge (-). Protons are much larger and heavier than electrons and have a positive charge (+). Neutrons are large and heavy like protons; however neutrons have no electrical charge. Each atom is made up of a combination of these particles. Atoms are neutral because all the no. of protons are equal to the no. of electrons.
The centre of an atom is known as a nucleus. Protons and neutrons are the subatomic particles found inside the nucleus.
Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons. The first shell can only hold 2 electrons while the second and third shell can only hold 8 electrons.
The centre of an atom is known as a nucleus. Protons and neutrons are the subatomic particles found inside the nucleus.
Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons. The first shell can only hold 2 electrons while the second and third shell can only hold 8 electrons.
Sodium atom (2.8.1) is a metal because it loss 1 electron to become sodium ion to complete the valance shells to make it stable.
3. Draw the atomic structure of a sulfur atom and a sulfide ion....explain why you draw it this way.
Sulfide atom (2.8.6) is a non-metal because it will gain 2 electrons to become sulfide ion to complete the whole shell, to make it stable.
4. Chlorine-35 atom and Chlorine-37 atom are called isotopes...Use these two examples to explain what is 'isotopes'.
Different atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons, is known as isotopes.
Chloride-35 have 17 protons and (35−17=) 18 neutrons. While chloride-37 have 17 protons and (37−17=) 20 neutrons. They have the same number of protons (17p) but different number of neutrons (18 and 20 respectively). Therefore they are isotopes.
Chloride-35 have 17 protons and (35−17=) 18 neutrons. While chloride-37 have 17 protons and (37−17=) 20 neutrons. They have the same number of protons (17p) but different number of neutrons (18 and 20 respectively). Therefore they are isotopes.
5. Sodium is a metal and sulfur is a non-metal....why we classify them this way??
Sodium (2.8.1) is a metal because it loss 1 electron to complete the valance shells to make it stable and it is in group (I). While sulfur (2.8.6) is a non-metal because it will gain 2 electrons to complete the whole shell to make it stable and it is in group (VI).
In the periodic table, Metals are generally in the groups(I),(II),(III) while non-metals are generally in the groups(IV),(V),(VI),(VII),(VIII).
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